نمادها و نمودهای کهن الگوی آنیما و آنیموس در منظومة کوراوغلی

 
Archetypes are common aspects of perception that appear in different places and times in identical forms namely the instinctive thoughts in the nature of all human beings. "Epopee of korogli " is the epic-lyrical poem that describes the story of "Roshan", the hero of the judges of the Turkish nations that is known to korogli. This work is very rich in terms of common archetypes among the nations.This article studies descriptively and analytically the various symbols and manifestations of anima and animus in that. Important archetypes of anima can be seen in various forms in that are: the anime and the mother in the faces of natural phenomena as Chanlibel and Qushabulagh and helping old women ,the beloved anima in the faces of Momeneh and Negar and the anima and guide in the face of Negar also. Of course, because of the special position of women in Azerbaijan, the role of the anima as the guide is more important, that without Negar, achieving individuality of hero is impossible.



Introduction

Archetypal criticism is one of the types of literary criticism that it is also known as a mythical critique. This type of critique studies   each literary work as part of the whole of literature. The principle and basis of archetypal criticism is that archetypes, images, characters, narrative designs, and sub-themes are present in all literary works and in this way, they provide a basis for studying of the interactions of the work.(makāryk,1384:401) Today, the psychoanalytic critique of fictional characters that deals with the exchange of literature and psychology ,is very important. Although the recognizing of human personality, is generally difficult, however, today the characters of literary and fictional works are criticized psychologically like real human beings, because the characters of literary works are the thoughts of poets and writers and since the poet is always influenced by her thoughts and his psychic world influences his works ,then psychoanalysis of their works can be effective in recognizing the actions, behavior and mindsets of the creators of the work and its contemporaries. Psychologists have also paid attention to this, As Adler believes that the great poets of the world of literature have realized many important points of deep psychology and these points can be seen in the pure and original combination that they have given to their active characters , as can be estimated from them, a set of human problems can be reached.(Adler,1370:227) Epopee of krogli is the epic-lyrical poem that describes the story of "Roshan", known as krogli, the judge hero of the Turkish nations. This article examines the archetypes of anima and animus based on the character of krogli. Because the creators of works of art connect with the past and the future by connecting with archetypes, Studying these two archetypes in a literary work creates an opportunity that The reader becomes acquainted with the archetypes, behaviors, and psychological struggles of the characters in the story this is also important from the point of view of the psychology and anthropology of the narrative people.

Research methodology

The research method in this article is descriptive and analytical that studies the Symbols and manifestations of anima and animus of Korogli,  the Turkish national hero, based on the narration in epopee of korogli and analyzes them based on Jung's analytical psychology.3-DiscussionEpopee of korogli ,the work of   Sakineh Rasmi, is an epic-lyrical poem.It has been published in 206 pages by the Academy of Persian Language and Literature and Shahriyar Research Foundation. ThisEpopee is the story of Korogli, the epic hero of the Turkish nations, who is as symbol of justice and trial.In different narrations, this hero is mentioned with different names: Koraogli, Kanjum, Roshan, RanpolRoshan, Roshanayr, QaraOglu, Roshan Ali, Korada, BillOglu. However, in most Azerbaijani narratives, Korogli's real name is "Roshan" and his father's name is "Ali Kishi".ThisEpopee is based on according to the narration of Mohammad Hassan Tahmasb, the unfinished story of Yashar Kamal and the research works of Iranian, Azerbaijani and Turkish scholars and according  on epic spirit of the hero, composed in the rhythm of Motagareb (Faolon ,faolon ,faolon , faol).Korogli, like other heroes of mythical stories, meets his animabecause the hero's journey is not complete without meeting his animaand in this Epopee, the anima manifests itself in three forms: an exemplary mother , beloved anime, and guide anime. In this narration, there is no mention of Korogli's mother but in addition to the helper old women who help the hero in reaching toanima and find the Girāt, who is in fact the symbol of the hero’s ego; sometimes the mother is an exemplary mother, not in the image of a woman, but appears in the form of natural phenomena.  Chanlibell the mountain who shelters the hero with his companions and Qushabulaq, which gives him the poetic, heroic, fighting and terrifying power against the enemy are the symbol of the anima ,s mother .His guide anima is Negar that embodiment of Sophia and Dainand as has been said that her wise same as korogli,s sword. That is why Chanlibell's coherence depends on her existenceand without her, the heroic process will never be possible4-ConclusionEpopee of korogli, which is the story of the greatest epic hero of the Turkish nations, is very rich in terms of myth.Anima's archetype that manifests itself in this epopee as   mother, beloved and guide.Ancient symbols of the Korogli,s anima archetypes can be seen on the faces of Chanlibell, Qushabulagh and the old helper ladies, Mo'meneh, and Negar. However, in this story, like many other stories, there is no mention of the hero's mother but this archetype is manifested  in the faces of exemplary mother .The most important symbol of the exemplary mother is the Chanlibell and Qushabulagh .Chanelbell shelters hero and his allies and Qushabulagh makes her wise as he gives him a terrible slogan and a crushing enemy that will never surrender to any enemy, givespoetry and generosity   to gain popularity among the peopleand  gives combat power that can stand up to the Honkar and by reaching this spring that the hero reaches individuality for the first time..Helping old women who help his reach to beloved anima .The Momeneh his beloved anima by passing through her, the hero achieves another anima, namely Negar, which is more exalt. Negar who initially appears as the beloved anima upon reaching Chanlibell, she plays the inspiring and old wise man role for the hero of Chanlibell and his people and in the abyss of affliction is their salvation and it is with her presence that the hero is born again.
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