بررسی انسجامِ آواییِ «الفراق» سروده متنبی

 
Introduction
The cohesion comes from "Sajama" stem. We read about the meaning of "Sajama" stem in Lesan Ol- Arab as:  "Sajamt ol-eino al-Damo va sajamto al- sahabato tasjema sajman, sojooman, (ebn manzoor, 2005:1762). Means that: tears falls from eye and rain from cloud. Falling rain or tears or rain continuing are like putting the meaning s in a special frame which is text, because the continuity of water drops will make river or sea and the result of meaning gathering will make text or poem or literal piece. So, the word coherence represents a kind of adhesion in parts of a complex together to make a unit. From Holiday and Roghayye Hassan point of view, the concept of coherence is a semantic concept. In order to makes it clearer it can be said that: the semantic concept emphasizes that the coherence makes semantic connection among the components of a text by cohesion signals (Holiday and Hassan, 1976:4). "Sa'd Maslouh" also informs that the coherence is a semantic connection among a complex of concepts in a text (1991:154)."Mohammad Khatabi" says that the concept of coherence is higher than its implying concept and it relates to other levels like syntax, word, sound and writing. From this point of view" the concept of coherence can be analyzed from 3 levels: 1- semantic 2- verbal 3- vocal and writing"(1992: 15). So Mohammad Khatabi not also emphasizes on implying and semantically concept of coherence but also he pays attention to vocalic part of it. The vocalic coherence also contains all the elements which cause the language is presented with intonation, harmony and balance in rhythm and rhyme (Nazari, 1389:18). According to most of linguists, vocals are the reasons of text cohesion which have the important role in making a consistent text. In this article we want to answer the questions as said in below by studying and analyzing the declarative beauties and vocal structures of "Feragh" poem, questions like:  what are the most important vocal bases in Baeye poem of Motenabbi? Why does the text in Al-Faraq's poem benefit more from clear sounds? How much balance is between the concept and meaning with the syntactic structures in Motenabbi poem?
 
Research method
In this study the writers studied the vocalic coherence in Motenabbi "Feragh" poem by descriptive- analytic method and also by discovering the vocalic bases of the poem, have determined the concord of syntactic structure with concept and meaning of verses in Motenabbi poem.
 
 
Discussion
Motenabbi is an Arab poet who is one of the best poets of his period and now because of choosing  words and sound, and has a utilizes from all the capacities of sentences like words, letters, sounds and vocals in other to raise the semantic and aesthetic level in poem. He had engaged in his poem to arrange vocals so that with repeating vocals, sounds and short vowels which represent their semantic and hidden imply he tried to make more internal and external lyric in text. In Motenabbi poem aesthetic repetition has creative appearances. The poet has paid attention to these specification and also artistic repetitions in rhythmic realm of his poem and also has used sounds and writings to create words harmony. In addition he made balance in horizontal level of the poem by" Hampa Ghazi" or "Raddo Ajz Alal Sadr". The poet also has used the connected syntactic bases by dominating he has in writing poem. The balance is somehow kind of hidden repetition and has an important role in making textual coherence. Motenabbi has made glorious rhythm in verses number 16, 31, 33 by utilizing syntactic balance. Syntactic balance in these verses can be seen in 2 ways of verbal and synthetic, because the movements of the words in first hemistich are like the second hemistich also the words of two hemistiches have harmony together in the case of association. In addition when the sounds are together a spectrum of sound appear which the y descend or ascend or sometimes have horizontal line according to the meaning and concept they want to present.  From some of the language compounds of the poem we can feel reproach of Seif Al-Dovle and the inner anger of the poet. In these combinations Motenabbi has used long vowels and the sound's curve line has ascendant excursion. Look at this verse: " Fala lam takon fi mesra la serto nahvaha / feeghalbel mashvegh el-mosstaham el- matim"(Motenabbi, 1983: 461).Motenabbi mentioned that Kafur has physical existence in Egypt and showed that he is so interested to see Kafur just by the imperfect verb " Takon" so that there is a heart other than his, therefore forms which are used to explain heart are past participle (al-Mashvegh, al-Mostaham, al-Motayyam) not gerund. Close junctures like (Lav, Lam, and Takon) - which denoted to hopelessness from life and Motenabbi's reluctance to see Kafur- are representing descendant in this verse. Also Motenabbi keeps the vocal curve line in horizontal by using particles like" Lav" and for accepting the excuse of Seif al-Dovle. He has used particles like "Lav" which represent refusing conditional answer and says: Falav kana ma bi men habiben maghnaen / Azarto VA laken men habiben moamamen"(same: 459)
 
Conclusion
 The result of this study is that Motenabbi by using the grammar of Arabic language for sounds, words has made coherence in text. One of these grammars is using sounds which have the same pronunciations. Another indicator which can be seen in this text is sounds distribution based on easiness in speech. For balance in the poem we should say that all Tafeile are not safe and also have Zehaf Ghabz which shows the sorrows of the poet because of steering from Seif Al-Dovle court and his anger from poet's associates which cause this separation. The other point is that safe Tafeile in comparison with Maghboz Tafeile have captured the poem with a very low difference, this shows the spiritual and internal fluctuations of Motenabbi. Other skills of Motenabbi in creating this literary work is using extended sounds and short vowels beside each other which make descendant and ascendant intonation when the pronounce and this helps poets in meaning transferring. Single sounds and tones in this poem are more regular and appeared in letters like"R","L","M" and "N" and all of them have their own characteristics when they combine together therefore make coherence and absorb the attention of the reads. Motenabbi has so much skill in language and for creating ornamentation in his speech he has used syntactic bases. It's adorable to have such a language and literature with meaning and concept. His language domination caused him to have deep view into phenomenon's and connections among them and use facilities for expressing thoughts and emotions in creating more poems.
 
 
 
 
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