همسانی‌های زبانی و معنایی غزل‌های عاشقانه حافظ (و سعدی، خواجوی کرمانی، سلمان ساوجی، کمال خجندی و سیف فرغانی)

 
 

Introduction

 
Hafez has been able to take advantage of what the past has inherited for him; Give immortality to his lyric poems. A legacy whose signs have appeared in the poetry and words of his early poets. More than any other poet, he has used the poetry of his predecessors in his sonnets and has taken themes, but he has shown most of the themes or industries adapted from others better than them.In the study of Hafez's lyric, many images and visual themes (in the form of linguistic and structural uniforms, including weight and rhyme) and several commonalities in the content, including (guarantee and adaptation of adaptation, effect, similarity, insertion, guarantee, allusion, Content, welcome, peer-to-peer, similarity in word usage and sharing); In addition to the wonderful themes, these applications also bring new and innovative imagery. An image taken from the patterns of the past and the lasting color and glaze of Hafez's mind and thought.
 
1-1- Statement of research problem and questions:
Hafez has used the themes, words and propositions of some poets before him, especially Saadi, Salman, Seif Ferghani, Kamal Khojandi and Khajoo, so that these uses have been expressed in the field of mystical thinking and love and praise, but have appeared but Has created new content from them; In this regard, the present study seeks to answer these questions.
1- To what extent has Hafez considered the poetry, theme, phrase, form and structure of the poets before him in romantic themes?
2- Which of the following sub-categories of Hafez, including inspiration, adaptation, influence, similarity, insertion, guarantee, allusion, content, welcome, peer-to-peer relationship, has Hafez benefited the most?
 
 
2-1- Objectives and necessity of research:
The purpose of this research is to find out how much Hafez is influenced by poets such as Saadi, Salman, Seif Ferghani, Kamal Khojandi and Khajoo.
 
3-1- Detailed research method:
The present study uses comparative analysis and the use of library tools and relying on adaptation, impact, similarity, insertion, guarantee, allusion, content acquisition, welcome, peer-to-peer, similarity in word usage and word sharing to recognize important uses. In 70 purely romantic lyric poems by Hafez (out of 497 lyric poems) and lyric poems by Saadi, Khajavi Kermani, Salman Savoji, Kamal Khojandi and Seif Ferghani
 

Discussion

2-1-  Analysis and study of romantic lyric poems
2-2- Adaptation
If it leaves Shirazi, it will reach our hearts                
 I will give Samarkand and Bukhara to the Hindu (Hafiz, 22: 1362)
If your goodness opens, remove the mask from the face of the lawsuit   
To Rezvan's flower, in the highest Ferdows(Savoji ,248: 1388)
And this sonnet
Occasionally greet Mirsan Yara
Thanks to you, you will finally greet us   (Ibid: 249)
Among the studied poets, this sonnet is in line with two sonnets by Salman Savoji. These two sonnets are the same in terms of weight, rhyme and row. Weight: Mafaelen Mafaeelen Mafaeelen and in Bahrehzj Mutzman Salem. The theme of the second sonnet has a romantic color and smell. In the first sonnet of Salman, an attempt has been made to give a mystical color and smell to the sonnet by using rhetorical industries and expressing the eternal divine beauty, such as (Ferdows Aali, Shab Touba, Nakhl Toor) He could not do the right thing, but in the second sonnet, the color and smell of love can be seen in Salman's sonnet. Of course, the use of the two words "sometimes" in informing Salman Ghazal has diminished the value of his work. Therefore, these two sonnets can be considered as sonnets that Hafez has considered in terms of form, form and content.
If your goodness opens, remove the mask from the face of the lawsuit 
Rezvan's flower, in the highest Ferdows(Savoji 248: 1388)
The wind occasionally sends greetings         
Thanks to you, you will finally greet us(Ibid: 249)
 
I said about the verse "I hate you and I'm happy. . . » It is an adaptation of Saadi, and in Saadi's sonnets and in similar themes (which he has recounted a lot), in the vast majority of cases, "insult" and "prayer" are mentioned together and opposite each other, such as:

Saadi is not a moral lover, no matter what
All curses are the sweet lips of prayer (Saadi: 1356,496)
Saba, please tell that Rana gazelle                                          
That head to the mountains and desert you have given us(Hafiz, 1362: 24)
This sonnet is similar to the two sonnets of Saadi, which are similar in weight, rhyme and line.
If you are free from Yara friends      
You can not leave us(Saadi: 412)
I will not part with Diba Diba at night
That night was a long dormitory (Same: 413)
In the analysis of the form, structure and shape of these two sonnets, we can see the coexistence of Hafez in the use of rhymes and rows and, of course, in the content of both sonnets. In many of these verses, two sonnets can be identified and introduced with common themes and the same content. The first stanza of this verse means "nothing can be said except in your beauty." A slight difference (in place of Bar) is a stanza guarantee from Saadi, who says:
Except so much can not be said about your beauty That kindness does not come from that temperament(Same: 516)
 
3- Conclusion
 In this study, the linguistic and semantic similarities of Hafez's sonnets with poets such as Saadi, Khajavi Kermani, Kamal Khojandi, Seif Ferghani and Salman Savoji in the most important elements of uniformity in structural and thematic dimensions were examined. And it was concluded that Hafez is one of the poets who, by using linguistic and semantic elements, was able to create a complete but new picture of the structure, language and themes created before him by following the example of different poets. Beware of any imitation imitations. In addition, it can be said that Hafez said less of a theme that others had not said before him, and this is where Hafez's art manifests itself more than others.Out of a total of 497 lyric poems of Hafez, the desired similarities were identified and researched in 236 lyric poems by Khanlari. With the divisions made from a total of 236 lyric poems analyzed, 70 romantic lyric poems were considered. It is noteworthy that other sonnets do not fall into the category of romantic sonnets. In general, the results of the research show that following and accepting the sonnets of the poets in question and then acquiring the theme and meaning, has the highest similarity in Hafez's poems with 73% and adaptation and allusion with 36% are in the next ranks. Also, among the mentioned poets, Saadi with 17 ghazals has the most influence and Seif Ferghani with one ghazal has the least influence on Hafez's ghazal.
 
 
4.References
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